Antitrust

Antitrust refers to the body of laws and regulations designed to protect competition and prevent conduct that may harm competitive markets. Antitrust rules generally address practices such as cartels, price fixing, market allocation, abuse of a dominant position, anti-competitive agreements, and certain mergers and acquisitions.
Antitrust law seeks to ensure that businesses compete fairly and that consumers benefit from competitive prices, innovation, product choice, and market access. Competition authorities may investigate companies suspected of engaging in anti-competitive conduct and may impose fines, behavioral or structural remedies, or other sanctions where violations are established.
Antitrust issues are particularly significant in industries with high levels of innovation, market concentration, or regulatory barriers, including pharmaceuticals, technology, telecommunications, energy, and financial services. In the pharmaceutical sector, competition law may intersect with patent rights, licensing arrangements, settlement agreements, generic and biosimilar market entry, and strategies for protecting intellectual property.
Antitrust rules vary between jurisdictions, with important legal frameworks administered by authorities such as the European Commission and the Federal Trade Commission. In Türkiye, competition matters are primarily governed by competition legislation and enforced by the Turkish Competition Authority.